The door is a building element that is predominately used to provide controlled access for people and goods. It includes constructions with hinged, pivoted, sliding, and additionally revolving and folding operations. A door consists of a lining and one or several panels.

NOTE  Definition according to ISO 6707-1: construction for closing an opening, intended primarily for access with hinged, pivoted or sliding operation.

The IfcDoor defines a particular occurrence of a door inserted in the spatial context of a project. A door can:

• be inserted as a filler in an opening using the IfcRelFillsElement relationship, then the IfcDoor has an inverse attribute FillsVoids provided;

  NOTE  Model View Definitions may restrict the relationship to only include one door into one opening

• be part of an element assembly, in general an IfcCurtainWall, using the IfcRelAggregates relationship, then the IfcDoor has an inverse attribute Decomposes is provided;
• be a "free standing" door, then the IfcDoor has no inverse attributes FillsVoids or Decomposes provided.

There are two main representations for door occurrences:

• IfcDoor with a shape representation having RepresentationIdenfifier='Profile' is used for all occurrences of doors, that have a 'Profile' shape representation defined to which a set of shape parameters for lining and framing properties apply. Additionally it requires the provision of an IfcDoorType that references one IfcDoorLiningProperties and one to many IfcDoorPanelProperties;

  NOTE  The entity IfcDoorStandardCase has been deprecated.

• IfcDoor with other shape representations an no assiged IfcDoorLiningProperties and IfcDoorPanelProperties is used for all other occurrences of doors, particularly for doors having only 'Brep', or 'SurfaceModel' geometry without applying shape parameters.

The actual parameters of the door and/or its shape are defined by the IfcDoor as the object occurrence definition, or by the IfcDoorType as the object type definition. The following parameters are provided:

• at the IfcDoor for occurrence specific parameters. The IfcDoor specifies:
• • the door width and height
  • the door opening direction (by the y-axis of the ObjectPlacement)
• at the IfcDoorType, to which the IfcDoor is related by the inverse relationship IsTypedBy pointing to IfcRelDefinesByType, for type parameters common to all occurrences of the same type.
• • the operation type (single swing, double swing, revolving, etc.)
  • the door hinge side (by using two different styles for right and left opening doors)
  • the construction material type
  • the particular attributes for the lining by the IfcDoorLiningProperties
  • the particular attributes for the panels by the IfcDoorPanelProperties

HISTORY  New entity in IFC1.0.

IFC4 CHANGE  The attributes PredefinedType and OperationType are added, the applicable type object has been changed to IfcDoorType.

The geometric representation of IfcDoor is given by the IfcProductDefinitionShape, allowing multiple geometric representations. The IfcDoor may get its parameter and shape from the IfcDoorType. If an IfcRepresentationMap (a block definition) is defined for the IfcDoorType, then the IfcDoor inserts it through the IfcMappedItem.

The geometric representation of IfcDoor is defined using the following (potentially multiple) IfcShapeRepresentation's for its IfcProductDefinitionShape:

• Profile: A 'Curve3D' consisting of a single losed curve defining the outer boundary of the door (lining). The door parametric representation uses this profile in order to apply the door lining and panel parameter. If not provided, the profile of the IfcOpeningElement is taken.
• FootPrint: A 'GeometricCurveSet', or 'Annotation2D' representation defining the 2D shape of the door
• Body: A 'SweptSolid', 'SurfaceModel', or 'Brep' representation defining the 3D shape of the door.

In addition the parametric representation of a (limited) door shape is available by applying the parameters from IfcDoorType referencing IfcDoorLiningProperties and IfcDoorPanelProperties. The purpose of the parameter is described at those entities and below (door opening operation by door type). The overall size of the IfcDoor to be used to apply the lining or panel parameter provided by the IfcDoorType is determined by the IfcShapeRepresentation with the RepresentationIdentifier = 'Profile'.

The Door Attributes concept applies to this entity.

The opening direction is determined by the local placement of IfcDoor and the OperationType of the IfcDoorType as shown in Figure 133. The IfcDoorTypeOperationEnum defines the general layout of the door type and its symbolic presentation. Depending on the enumerator, the appropriate instances of IfcDoorLiningProperties and IfcDoorPanelProperties are attached in the list of HasPropertySets. The IfcDoorTypeOperationEnum mainly determines the hinge side (left hung, or right hung), the operation (swinging, sliding, folding, etc.) and the number of panels.

NOTE  There are different definitions in various countries on what a left opening or left hung or left swing door is (same for right). Therefore the IFC definition may derivate from the local standard and need to be mapped appropriately.

Opening directions Definitions Reference to other standards The door panel (for swinging doors) opens always into the direction of the positive Y axis of the local placement. The determination of whether the door opens to the left or to the right is done at the level of the IfcDoorType. Here it is a left side opening door given by IfcDoorType.OperationType = SingleSwingLeft refered to as LEFT HAND (LH) in US * refered to as DIN-R (right hung) in Germany If the door should open to the other side, then the local placement has to be changed. It is still a left side opening door, given by IfcDoorType.OperationType = SingleSwingLeft refered to as RIGHT HAND REVERSE (RHR) in US * refered to as DIN-R (right hung) in Germany If the door panel (for swinging doors) opens to the right, a separate door style needs to be used (here IfcDoorTypee.OperationType = SingleSwingRight) and it always opens into the direction of the positive Y axis of the local placement. refered to as RIGHT HAND (RH) in US * refered to as DIN-L (left hung) in Germany If the door panel (for swinging doors) opens to the right, and into the opposite directions, the local placement of the door need to change. The door style is given by IfcDoorType.OperationType = SingleSwingRight. refered to as LEFT HAND REVERSE (LHR) in US * refered to as DIN-L (left hung) in Germany * it assumes that the 'inside/private/primary' space is above (top in the pictures) and the 'outside/public/secondary' space is below (bottom in the pictures).

Figure 133 — Door swing

NOTE  The OverallWidth and OverallHeight parameters are for informational purpose only.

The Property Sets for Objects concept template applies to this entity as shown in Table 68.

The Quantity Sets concept template applies to this entity as shown in Table 69.

The Object Typing concept template applies to this entity as shown in Table 70.

The Material Constituent Set with Override concept applies to this entity.

The material of the IfcDoor is defined by the IfcMaterialConstituentSet or as fall back by IfcMaterial and attached by the IfcRelAssociatesMaterial relationship. It is accessible by the inverse HasAssociations relationship.

The following keywords for IfcMaterialConstituentSet.MaterialConstituents[n].Name shall be used:

• 'Lining' - to indicate that the material constituent applies to to the door lining
• 'Framing' - to indicate that the material constituent applies to to the door framing, if not provided, the 'Lining' material information applied to frams as well
• 'Glazing' - to indicate that the material constituent applies to to the glazing as well

If the fall back single IfcMaterial is referenced, it applies to the lining and framing of the door.